A. Burnout is a state of emotional, physical, and mental exhaustion caused by prolonged or excessive stress. While often associated with the workplace, it can occur in any area of life that involves long-term dedication and high demands. In 2019, the World Health Organization officially recognised burnout as an "occupational phenomenon" in its International Classification of Diseases, defining it by three dimensions: feelings of energy depletion or exhaustion; increased mental distance from one''''s job, or feelings of negativism or cynicism related to it; and reduced professional efficacy.
B. The development of burnout is typically a gradual process. It is not simply the result of working long hours, but is more closely linked to a chronic mismatch between an individual and their work environment. Key contributing factors include an unmanageable workload, a perceived lack of control or autonomy, insufficient rewards for effort, a breakdown of community and support, a lack of fairness, and a conflict between personal and organisational values.
C. The consequences of burnout can be severe for both the individual and the organisation. For individuals, it can lead to a range of health problems, including insomnia, cardiovascular disease, and depression. It can damage relationships and diminish one''s overall quality of life. For organisations, burnout is associated with increased employee absenteeism, higher turnover rates, and decreased productivity and job performance.
D. Preventing and addressing burnout requires a systemic approach that focuses on improving the work environment, rather than simply telling individuals to be more resilient. Organisational strategies include ensuring manageable workloads, promoting work-life balance, fostering a supportive and fair culture, and empowering employees with greater control over their work. On an individual level, practices like setting boundaries, taking regular breaks, and seeking social support can help to mitigate the risk of burnout in a demanding world.
IELTS Practice Tests Practice Test / Part 1 #175
IELTS Practice Tests Practice Test / Part 1 #208
