Practice Tests
IELTS Reading (AC) Task 1 #183

A. The rise of social media platforms has fundamentally reshaped human communication and social interaction, and its psychological impact is a subject of intense study and debate. These platforms are designed to be highly engaging, leveraging principles of psychology to capture and hold user attention. Understanding these mechanisms is key to comprehending both the positive and negative effects of social media on mental health and behaviour.

B. One of the core psychological drivers of social media use is the need for social connection and belonging. Platforms allow users to maintain relationships, share experiences, and find communities of like-minded individuals, which can reduce loneliness and provide valuable social support. However, the nature of these online interactions can also be problematic. The curated, often idealised, versions of life that people present online can lead to social comparison, where users feel their own lives are inadequate in comparison, potentially leading to envy, low self-esteem, and depression.

C. Social media platforms are also built around powerful reward systems. The unpredictable nature of notifications, likes, and comments creates a variable reward schedule, similar to a slot machine, which can be highly addictive. Each notification triggers a small release of dopamine in the brain''s reward centre, reinforcing the behaviour of checking the platform frequently. This can lead to compulsive use and a fear of missing out (FOMO) when disconnected.

D. The effects of social media are not uniform and can vary greatly depending on an individual''s personality, their usage patterns, and the specific platforms they use. While it can be a valuable tool for connection and information, excessive or passive consumption is often linked to poorer mental health outcomes. Promoting mindful and intentional use of social media is therefore crucial for mitigating its potential negative psychological impacts in an increasingly connected world.